Diagnosis &Dating of pregnancy
Diagnosis and dating of pregnancy:
1-The most common presenting symptom of pregnancy is cessation of
periods, i.e. a period of amenorrhoea in a woman having regular
menstruation.
Other common symptoms of early pregnancy are :-
2-Nausea and vomiting ( morning sickness ). This is in the first 3 months of
pregnancy. Thereafter it tends to disappear although it may sometimes
persist throughout pregnancy.
-3- Frequency of micturition. This is probably due to increased plasma
volume and increased urine production and the pressure effect of the
uterus on the bladder.
4-Many women experience excessive lassitude in early pregnancy. This
tends to disappear after 12 weeks gestation.
5-Breast tenderness and “heaviness” are common and are particularly
noticeable in the month after the first period is missed.
6-Fetal movements or quickening are not usually noticed until 20 weeks
gestation
in the nulipara and 18 weeks in the multipara. However, many women
may experience fetal movements earlier than this or some may not be
aware of them till term.16-18 in muti 20 week in primi gravida
7- Pica. An abnormal desire for a particular food may occur.
Dating of pregnancy
Menstrual history:
The estimated date of confinement or delivery ( EDC or EDD, respectively )
Can be calculated from the first day of the last period especially if the cycle is 28
days. This can be obtained from Naegele
،
s formula: add 1 year and 7 days and
subtract 3 month from
the date of the last menstrual period (LMP).
Ultra sound in early pregnancy CRL in first trimester, FL&BPD in second and 3
rd
trimister