Lower Limb 8

Lateral compartment of legMuscles

Fibularis longus (Peroneus longus)


The tendon of peroneus longus: Passes posterior to lateral malleolus. Passes forward to enter lateral side of foot. Curves forward under fibular trochlea of calcaneus. Enters a deep groove on the inferior surface of the cuboid. Cross the sole and attach to the inferior surfaces of bones on the medial side of the foot.

Fibularis brevis (Peroneus brevis)

Arteries

Veins

NervesSuperficial fibular nerve (Superficial peroneal nerve)



Branches of common fibular nerve: Sural communicating nerve. Lateral sural cutaneous nerve.


2 terminal branches of common peroneal nerve: Superficial peroneal nerve. Deep peroneal nerve.


Superficial peroneal nerve supplies dorsum of foot and toes except: Web space between great and second toes. Lateral side of little toe.

Anterior compartment of legMuscles

Tibialis anterior

Extensor hallucis longus

Extensor digitorum longus

Fibularis tertius (Peroneus tertius)

ArteriesAnterior tibial artery

Branches: Anterior medial malleolar artery. Anterior lateral malleolar artery.

Veins

NervesDeep fibular nerve (Deep peroneal nerve)

Deep peroneal nerve supplies: All muscles in anterior compartment. Extensor digitorum brevis, first two dorsal interossei, and skin between great and second toes.

Dorsum of foot Sole

Bones

7 tarsal bones. 5 metatarsals. Phalanges.

Tarsal bones

Proximal group

2 large bones: Talus. Calcaneus.

Talus

Head. Neck.

Inferiorly it has 3 articular facets: Anterior and middle facets articulate with calcaneus. Medial facet articulates with the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament).

Sulcus tali.

The superior aspect of talus articulates with tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint: Upper (trochlear) surface articulates with inferior end of tibia. Medial surface articulates with medial malleolus of tibia. Lateral surface articulates with lateral malleolus of fibula.

Lateral process.

Posterior calcaneal articular facet.

Posterior process. Groove for the tendon of the flexor hallucis longus.

Calcaneus



The posterior surface is divided into upper, middle and lower parts: Upper part: is separated from calcaneal tendon by a bursa. Middle part: is attached to calcaneal tendon. Lower part: is continuous onto the plantar surface as calcaneal tuberosity.

Calcaneal tubercle.

Fibular trochlea.

Sustentaculum tali.

Middle talar articular surface.


Anterior talar articular surface. Posterior talar articular surface. Anterior talar articular surface is small. Posterior talar articular surface is large.

Calcaneal sulcus.

Tarsal sinus.

Intermediate tarsal bone

Navicular.

Distal group

From lateral to medial: Cuboid. Three cuneiforms (lateral, intermediate, and medial).

Metatarsals

Each metatarsal has: Head. Shaft. Base.

Tuberosity of metatarsal V.

Phalanges


Each toe has 3 phalanges (proximal, middle, and distal) except the great toe which has only 2.


Each phalanx consists of base, shaft, and head: The base of each proximal phalanx articulates with the head of related metatarsal. The head of each distal phalanx is nonarticular.