Parasitology
Lab-4 (Trypanosoma)
1- T. gambiense
1- located in Africa
2- morphology of the trypomastigoid :
1-pointed anteriorly
2- centered elongated nucleus
3- kinetoplast ( posterior)
4- flagella ( anterior)
5- undulating membrane
6- length 15-30 microns
7- elongated and fusiform shape
3- life cycle :: from the biological vector (glossina
tse tse fly
{reveriena type}) to human
4- acute form (trypomasigoid) present in blood, lymph, bone marrow
5- chronic form present in C.S.F because it affect the C.N.S
6- it is (
anterior station
) because it multiple in the salivary gland of the insect
7- morphology of the epimastigoid : is the same as morphology of the trypomastigoid
except :: kinetoplast become anterior to the nucleus
8- trypomastigoid located in human but epimastigoid located in insect and it found
intracellular in human ( we can see the epimastigoid in the insect and culture)
9- the culture is 3N media
10- infective stage :: metacyclic trypomastigoid { epimastigoid } that present in the
saliva of insect and transmit to the human by bite
11- disease : it cause Gambian trypanosomasis or mid African sleeping sickness
12- Treatment : suramine ( I.V )
2- T. cruzi
1- present in America
2- morphology: is the same as morphology of the T. gambiense except :: kinetoplast
become very dominant ) (واضح جدا في الخلفand sometimes it become u or c shape
3- vector : reduvid bug ( Triatoma )
4- it is (
posterior station
) because it multiple in the hind gut of the bug and
transmitted to human by the feces of the bug
5- diagnosis :: blood examination
6- Route of infection : reduvid bug bite – blood transmission
7- infective stage : metacyclic trypomastigoid { epimastigoid }
7- diagnostic stage : Trypomastigoid in the blood – amastigoide in the tissues
8- habitat : Acute : blood
Chronic : heart and GIT
9- disease : it cause American trypanosomasis or chagas disease
10 treatment : Nitrofurane
:::::: مالحظات هامة:::::::
1- endemic : المرض موجود في منطقة معينة طوال السنة
2- epidemic : يأتي المرض على شكل موجة الى منطقة معينة ثم يذهب
3- pandemic : المرض ينتشر في كل أنحاء العالم
4- sleeping sickness is endemic in Africa and America
5- thin blood film is used in this lab ::: the RBCs are clear and the parasite located
between them and there are few WBCs