Parasitology
lab-9(B.coli+Toxoplasma)
1- Balantidium coli
1- risk group :: farmers and people deals with farm product directly
2- Morphology ::
Trophozoite
Cyst
50-200 micron
{largest protozoa infect man}
40-50 micron
Oval or bag shape
Spherical shape
Ciliated
Ciliated
Has phagosome
No phagosme
Kidney shape macro-nucleus
Kidney shape macro-nucleus
spherical shape micro-nucleus
spherical shape micro-nucleus
Retractile food vacuoles
Retractile food vacuoles
3- B.coli present mainly in pigs and can be present in cattle
4- rare in our society
5- route of infection :: contaminated food and water from the farm by oral route
6- B.coli is the only ciliated parasite that infect human
7- the cyst contain thick wall for resistance of environmental factors
8- habitat :: large intestine of man and animals ( mainly cecum )
9- diagnostic stage : cyst +/- trophozoite
10- infective stage : cyst
11- animals are reservoir for B.coli
12- it cause dysentery like that of E.histolytica but can not cause extra-intestinal
disease
13- it cause acute illness in man but lead to death if it cause perforation of large
intestine and the normal flora of the large intestine invade the peritoneum and cause
acute abdomen
14- stool examination for cyst and trophozoite but in E.histolytica we see trophozoite
15- treatment :: tetracycline
16- under the microscope we see
:: 1-foad vacuoles 2- macronucleus 3- micronucleus
2- Toxoplasma gondii
1- common disease in our society ( 40% to 50 % of people affected )
2- it is a benign parasite in immune-competent people but can cause death in immune-
deficient people and in fetus
3- toxoplasma is intracellular parasite so it is more resistance to drug and cause more
sever disease than extracellular parasite
4- tachyzoit :: present in the blood ,, has apecomplexia that is important receptor for
the target cells + nucleus
5- bradyzoite :: present in skeletal mucles and C.N.S and it affect any nucleated tissue
,, it present in the tissue cyst
6- oocyst :: oval shape ,, two sporocyst ( each contain 4 sporozoite )
7- acute phase of disease caused by tachyzoite (7-20 days of parasitemia )
8- chronic phase of disease caused by bradyzoite ( for years )
9- habitat : 1-tachyzoite in blood 2- bradyzoite in Skeletal M. and C.N.S
10- definitive host ::: cat
11- intermediate host :: man + any animal ( mammals – birds )
12- infective stage : all stages could be infective as follow :
Oocyst ingestion of contaminated food and water
Tissue stage ingestion of infected meat - organ transplantation
Tachyzoite raw goat milk – blood transfusion – congenital
13- diagnosis :: the best diagnosis is serological tests and it is the only test used in
clinical diagnosis
14- it cause abortion and congenital anomalies in fetus if the mother infected during the
pregnancy of before it for short time
15- treatment :: spiromycin – pyrimethamine
:::
المطلوب
في هذا المختبر
:::
1- B.coli ----- (cyst and trophzoite )
التفريق بينهما غير مطلوب>> diagnostic features are
kidney shape nucleus and contractile food vacuoles
2- Tachyzoite of toxoplasma
(( similar to the gametocyte of malaria but in malaria both
anterior end and posterior end either rounded or pointed >> in toxoplasma one of the
end is rounded and the other is pointed ))