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SCALP Anatomy2nd lab 18 pages

The SCALP
It is the soft tissue that covers the vault of skull Extends from sup.orbitalmargin to superior nuchalline On each side to superior temporal line It is hair bearing area of the skull

SCALP layers

S-Skin C-connective tissue (superficial fascia) A-aponeurosis (galeaaponeurotica) L-loose areolartissue P-pericranium

Layers

Skin of SCALP
Thick and hairy Firmly attached to the epicranialaponeurosis through dense fascia Abundance sebaceous glands Sebaceous cyst are common

Connective tissue

Fibrous and dense containing blood vessels and nerves Binds skin to subjacent aponeurosis Wounds bleed profusely as blood vessels are prevented from retraction by fibrous tissue. Bleeding is stopped by applying pressure against the bone Subcutaneous hemorrhage are not extensive since fascia is dense Inflammation cause little swelling but are much painful

Aponeurosis

Anteriorlyfrontal belly and posteriorlyoccipital belly of occipitofrontalismuscle Frontal belly originate from skin of forehead Occipital belly originate from lateral 2/3 of superior nuchealline It gaps if cut transversely and should be stitched


Loose areolar tissue
•Extends anteriorly into the eyelids because yyfrontalis has no bony attachment Posteriorly to superior nuchal line•On each side to superior temporal line•Bleeding cause generalized swelling of scalp•Called dangerous layer of scalp-emissary veins open here and carry any infections inside the brain hh(venous sinus)•Bleeding lead to black eye•Caput succedaneum in new born

Pericranium

Is the periosteumof skull Loosely attached to surface of bone hbut is firmly adherent to the sutures Injury deep to it take the shape of jjbone (cephalhaematoma) Scalping injury-should be replaced jjand stitched because healing is hbetter

SCALP Arteries

Arteries–Supratrochlear–Supraorbital–Superficial temporal–Posterior auricular artery –Occipital arteryVeins-follows the artery

SCALP arterial supply

SCALP Blood supply

Facial Vein

Retromandibular vein
External jugular vein
VENOUS DRAINAGE

Nerve supply

In front of auricle–Supratrochlearn.–Supraorbitaln.–Zygomaticotemporaln.–Auriculotemporaln.–Temporal branch of nnfacial n. Behind auricle–Greater auricular n–Lesser occipital n.–Greater occipital n.–Third occipital n.–Post. Auricular uubranch of facial n.

Lymphatic

Anterior part –Preauricular(parotid) gr. of lymph nodePosterior part –Posterior (mastoid) gr. of lymph node &occipital gr. of lymph node

Lymphatics