عملي

Base of skull

(inferior surface)
Greater palatine foramen
Lesser palatine foramen
Hamulus of medial pterygoid plate
Foramen spinosum
Spine of sphenoid
Mandibular fossa
Tympanic plate.
Styloid process
Stylomandibular foramen.
Mastoid process
Occipital groove for occipital artery.
Inferior nuchal line.
External occipital protuberance.
Incisive foramen.
Palatine process of maxilla.
Horizontal plate of palatine bone
Posterior nasal spine.
Vomer
Zygomatic arch.
Lateral pterygoid plate.
Foramen ovale.
Foramen lacerum.
Auditory tube.
Carotid canal.
Jugular foramen.
Occipital condyle.
Mastoid notch (for posterior belly of digastric muscle.
Condylar canal
External occipital crest.
Superior nuchal line.
Alveolar process.
Sphenoidal bone.
Medial pterygoid plate.
Spine of sphenoid.
Pterygoid canal.
Jugular process
Squamous part of sphenoidal bone.
Occipital bone.
Foramen magnum.
Pharyngeal tubercle.