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Entamoeba

Protozoan parasite
Family: Entamoebidae
Genus: Entamoeba
The genus Entamoeba contains many species, the most common are:
Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba dispar human intestinal tract
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba gingivalis mouth

Entamoeba histolytica (E. histolytica)

Amoebiasis or amoebic dysentery (Bloody diarrhoea)
Symptoms:
Bloody & loose stool / bloody diarrhoea
gas (flatulence)
malnutrition (anaemia)
stomach ache
Morphology:
Cyst:
Non motile
Spherical shape
10-20 µ in size
1-2 nuclei (immature cyst); 4 nuclei (mature cyst-infective stage)
Inclusion:
Glycogen vacuoles: Clear space (food reservoir)
Chromatoid body: dark rods or dots




Trophozoite (active form)
Unicellular
Motile
Pseudopodium (ectoplasmic protrusion):
Broad or finger-like in shape, its function is progressive & directional
10-40 µ
One nucleus

Life cycle: simple (2 stages)

Infective stage: Mature cyst

Access: Mouth
Ecological niches: large intestine, liver and lung
Pathogenic stage: trophozoite
Diagnostic stage: cyst or/and trophozoite


Diagnosis: (Microscopic examination)

Trophozoite

Cyst
Specimen
Faeces (Bloody & mucoid)
Faeces (mucoid)
Method
Direct smear with normal saline
Direct smear with Iodine stain
Diseases
Amoebic dysentery
chronic intestinal amoebiasis or carriers
Remarks
Container must clean
Examined soon after they have been passed
Select bloody and mucous portion.

Seen

Lots of RBC, pus, trophozoite
Cyst, few of RBC
Treatment
metronidazole (flagyl)
metronidazole (flagyl)



Trophozoite
Trophozoite


Cyst
Cyst