spinal taruma

.

Anatomy of spine

Diagnosis


History: ask about; 1-major accident. 2-head injury. 3-pain and neck stiffness.

Dx

Examination: During examination move the patient as a single piece. 1-bruising in the head. 2-spinous processes gap. 3-penetrating injury. 4-deformity. 5 - sever tenderness.

Dx

Neurological examination: 1- cord longitudinal column function. 2- sacral sparing (anal tone; perianal sensation; great toe flexion).

Imaging

1-X-ray: Ap , Lateral and other views are needed. 2-C.T: It demonstrates damage in bony parts of column.

3-MRI.demonstrates soft tissue damage (spinal cord,lig., and neural tissues)

Radiology

Treatment

Early treatment : 1-ensure adequate airway. 2-control bleeding. 3-care of uncoscious patient. 4-manag. Other injuries. 5-Immobilization (cervical : thoracolumbar).

Treat.

Definitive treatment : 1-to preserve neurological function. 2-to relieve any reversible compression. 3-to restore alignment of spine. 4- to immobilize the spine. 5- to rehabilitate the spine.

Treat.

Patient with no neurological injury: -If the spinal injury is stable: treated by rest,firm collars or lumbar brace. -If the spinal injury is unstable: it should be held sequre until the tissues heal ;usually treated by traction;or alternativly by internal fixation.

Treat.

Patient with a neurological injury: -If the spinal injury is stable: usually treated conservatively. -If the injury is unstable: treated usually conservatively ,but can be treated by surgery ,in order to reduce pain and facilitates nursing.

Methods of treatment

Cervical spine: 1-collars. 2-tongs. 3-halo ring. 4-fixation..

Methods of treatment

Thoraco-lumbar spine: 1-beds. 2-brace. 3-decompression and stabilization.

Thank you