GOOD MOORING DENTAL AUXILIARIES
DEFINITIONA dental auxiliary or ancillary is a person who is given responsibility by a dentist so that he/she can help the dentist render dental care, but who is not himself or herself qualified with a dental degree.
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These new paraprofessionals recieve a less hard training of a shorter duration compared to the dentist. They were expected to perform well demarcated tasks efficiently Dental auxiliary is a generic term for all persons who assist the dentist in training the patients In Britain,they have been known as Dental Ancillaries.CLASSIFICATION
WHO Classification 1) Non-operating auxiliaries Clinical laboratory (Assist the dentist in his ( Assist the professional clinical work ) in technical laboratory procedures)Revised classification 1) Non- operating ancillaries: Dental surgery Dental secretary/ Dental laboratory Dental health Assistant receptionist technician educator 2) operating ancillaries: School dental Dental therapist Dental hygienist Dental Expanded Nurse function ancillaries
DENTAL SURGERY ASSISTANT
Non operating auxiliary 1. Assist the dentist or dental hygienist in treating patients 2. Not legally permitted to treat patient independently 3. Also called as dental assistant,chair side dental assistant, clinical auxiliary. Duties of dental assistant 1. Reception of the patient 2. Preparation of the patient for any treatment he/she may need 3. Preparation and provision of all necessary facilities such as mouth washes and napkins 4. Sterilization, care, and preperation of instrumentsDuties continued...............
Preparation and mixing of restorative materials including both filling and impression materials Care of the patient after treatment until he/she leaves including clearing away of insruments and preparation of instruments for reuse Preparation of surgery for the next patient
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Presentation of documents to the surgeon for his completion and filling of these Assistancce with X-ray work and the processing and mounting of X-rays Instructions of patient, where necessary , in the correct use of tooth brush Aftercare of persons who have had general anaesthesiaFOUR HANDED DENTISTRY
With increased use of dental surgery assistant, a new concept had emerged in 1960’s, called the four handed dentisryIt is the art of seating both the dentist and dental assistant in such a way that both are with in easy reach of the the patient’s mouth.Patient is in a fully supine positionThe assistant will hand the particular instrument that the dentist needContinued.............
And also perform additional tasks such as retraction, aspiritation... The dentist can thus keep his hands and eyes in the field of operation and work with less fatigue and greater efficiency A dental assistant is not required to be legally certified, registered or licenced or to have completed any particular duration of educationDENTAL SECRETARY/RECEPTIONIST
This is a person who assist the dentist with his secretarial work and patient reception duties.DENTAL LABORATORY TECHNICIAN
Fullfills the presciption provided by dentist regarding the extraoral construction and repair of oral applliances and bridge work Also called as dental mechanic The formal training period covers as much as 2 years, in UK 3-5 years. Duties include the laboratory part of: Prothetic work Orthodontic appliances Crown and bridge. Implants.Denturist : Term applied to those dental lab technicians who are permitted in some states in the US and elsewhere to fabricate dentures directly for patients without a dentist’s prescription. They are licensed/registeredADA defines denturism as the fitting and dispensing of dentures illegally to the public
DENTAL HEALTH EDUCATOR
This is the person who instructs in the prevention of dental disease and who may be permitted to apply preventive agents intra orally
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In some countries, duties of some dental surgery assistants have been extended to allow them to carry out certain preventive procedures In Sweden, two additional weeks of training are given, after which ancillaries are allowed to conduct Fluoride mouthrinsing programmes to groups of school children. They are not allowed to undertake any intraoral procedures.SCHOOL DENTAL NURSE
Dental nurse scheme was established in New zealand in 1921 due to the extensive dental disease found in army recruits during first World war . The training extends to over a period of 2 years to cover both the reversible and irreversible proceduresDUTIES OF SCHOOL DENTAL NURSE
Oral examination Prophylaxis Topical fluoride application Advice on dietary fluoride supplements Administration of local anesthetic Cavity preparation and placement of amalgam filling in primary and permanent teeth Pulp capping Extraction of primary teeth Individual patient instruction in tooth brushing and oral hygiene Classroom and parent teacher dental health education Referral of patient to private practitioners for more complex services such as extraction of permanent teeth, restoration of fractured permanent incisors and orthodontic treatmentDENTAL THERAPIST
This is person who is permitted to carry out to the prescription of a supervising dentist, certain specified preventive and treatment measures including the preparation of cavities and restoration of teethDUTIES: Clinical caries diagnosis Technique of cavity preparation in decidous and permanent teeth Material handling and restorative skills Vital pulpotomies under rubber dam in decidous teeth and extraction of decidous teeth under local anaesthesia In the U.K, they may work in the local authority and hospital services and they are required to carry out thier duties under the direction of a registered dentist
DENTAL HYGIENIST
Operating auxiliary licensed and registered to practice dental hygiene under the laws of the appropriate state, province, territory or nation. Work under the supervision of dentists In 1905, Fones trained Mrs. Irene Newmann in the procedures of dental prophylaxis. In 1906, she become the first dental hygienist Dr.Alfred Civilion Fones is considered as the father of dental hygieneContinued..............
Duration of course was for a period of about seven months. A dental hygienist means a person not being a dentist or a medical practitioner, who scales, cleans or polishes teeth or give instructions in dental hygieneDUTIES OF THE DENTAL HYGIENIST
Cleaning of mouth and teeth with particular attention to calculus and stains Topical application of Fluorides, sealants and other prophylactic solutions Screening for preliminary examination of patients as individuals or in groups, such as school children or industrial employees, so that they may be referred to dentists for treatment Instruction in oral hygieneEXPANDED FUNCTION DENTAL AUXILIARY(EFDA)
Referred to as expanded function dental assistant, expanded function dental hygienist, expanded function auxiliary, technotherapist, expanded duty dental auxiliary They are mostly assistants or hygienists in some case with additional training. Hence the name expanded functions An EFDA is a dental assisatant or a dental hygienist in some cases who had recieved further training in duties related to the direct treatment of patients, though still working under the direct supervision of a dentistDUTIES OF EFDA
Placing and removing rubber dams Placing and removing temporary restorations Placing and removing matrix bands Condensing and carving amalgam restoration in previously prepared teeth Applying the final finish and polish to the previously listed restorationsNEW AUXILIARY TYPES
The expert committee on Auxiliary Dental Personnel of the WHO has suggested two new types of dental auxiliaries: 1) Dental licentiate 2) Dental aideDental licentiate: Semi-dependent operator Trained for 2 years Duties: -Dental prophylaxis -Cavity preparation and filling of the primary and permanent teeth -Extractions under local anaesthesia -Drainage of dental abcesses -Treatment of the most prevalent diseases of supporting tissues of the teeth -Early recognition of more serious dental conditions
Dental aide Suggested in 1959 Training period extends from 4-6 months, followed by a period of field training under direct and constant supervision. Duties: -Extraction of teeth under local anesthesia -Control of hemorrhage -Recognition of dental diseases important enough to justify transportation of patient to a center where proper dental care is available