د.حنان

Lab -10-

Trichomonus vaginalis

World wide distribution.

Infect urinary and genital tract.
The primary mode of transmition: sexual intercourse,mothers birth canal,contaminated toilet articles ,sharing of douche supplies and communal bathing.
Habitate : vagina in female and urethra in male.
Cause :urethritis and vaginitis.
The infective and diagnostic stage is the trophozoites and there is no cyst stage.

Morphology

Life cycle

Life cycle note

T.vaginalis trophozoites reside on the mucosal surface of the vagina in infected women.
The growing trophozoites multiply by longitudinnal binary fission and feed on local bacteria and leukocytes.
Trophozoites thrive in a slightly alkaline or slightly acidic ph enviroment, such as unhealthly vagina
The most common site of infection in male is the prostate gland region and the epithelium of the urethra.


Clinical symptoms
Asymptomatic carrier state : most frequently occure in men.
Urethritis : white urethral discharge,enlarged tender prostate,nocturia and dysuria.
Vaginitis : foul smelling,greenish –yellow liquid vaginal discharge.the incubation peroid of 4 to 28 days
Infant infection : suffer from respirotary infection and conjunctivitis.

Lab diagnosis

• Saline wet preparation (specimen of choice is urine,vaginal discharge and urethral discharge).
• Pap smears.
• Flourescent stains.
• Monoclonal antibody assays.
• Enzyme immunoassays.
• Cultures.
• PCR.
• Antigen-antibody test.

Prevention and Control

Avoidance of unprotected sex.
Prompt diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic men.
Avoidance of sharing douche equipment and communal bathing.


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