Emotion
-Definition : feeling which we experience or express in an intense fashion. as we said●We are moved to strong emotion by piece of music or melodrama.
●Emotion might be confused with (passion).
●Most of our action are accompanied with emotion.
-Emotion Experience :- like (fear it means feeling afraid either in our self like (tacky, cardia, over breathing).
-Emotion Express :- Express in observable behavior such fearful person try to except having.
-Psychological aspect of emotion
●Conscious feeling feeling which are directly aware.
●Unconscious feeling Later relevance, such as love, hate, rage they are inner feeling.
●Emotional response Emotion which are evoked from outside like group of social setting.
Instincts and Emotion :-
*McDougall's theory of instincts assume that each instinct possessed specific quality of (Emotional Excitement).
So, they consider emotion as attribute of instinct and were taken to be the prime mover (human activity).
*Later follower of McDougall suggested that emotion were the source of all (mental energy).
*Emotional experience had biological function of precipitating internal crisis.
*Morbid (abnormal emotion) state involving unpleasant experience because conflict was essentially disorganizing.
Psychoanalytic view of emotion :-
*Freud early work use a concept of
●Lipido :- psychological energy which could be free or attached to specific object.
*Psychoanalyst :- confused emotion as (psychic energies) with emotion as (discharge of (psychic energies).
*Freud propose (experience of pleasure) are from decrease of tension and pain.
*Sartar :- take emotion as an organized from of human existence which occur when world become too difficult.
Behaviorist and view of emotion :-
*J.B. Watson the founder of (Behaviorism school)
Fear
Fear
*He observer large number of infants in
rage
rage
Love
Love
●first month of life that are basic emotion.
●Fear :- in children was experience by :-
●Sudden catching of breath.●Clutching with hands.
●Blinking of eyes.
All these experience produce by loss and support of child provoking fear.
●Rage :- characterized by :-
●Crying.
●Screaming.
●Stiffness of body.
Stimulated by restraing of infant.
●Love :- in infant characterized by :-
●Cessation of crying.
●Reading hand and arm.
*(Mothering model) evoked of symptom provoked by absence of mother, it is not as suggested previously that the nature of (child-mother bond) is related to mother as source of feeding, by at 1966 Harlow propose that the nature of love to mother related to (Texture of mother skin).
Psycho-somatic medicine (Somatoform disorder)
*These are group disorders characterized by repeated presentation with physical symptoms which do not have any adequate physical basis and are (not explained by the presence of other psychiatric disorder).
●Multiple investigation and treatment are negative.
●Patient still complain despite recurrent assurance.
Criteria of somatization :-
1-Multiple somatic complain in absence of any physical disorder.
2-Symptoms are recurrent and chronic (for many years duration) at least 2 year duration.
3-Symptom are vague, present in dramatic manner, involving multiple organs mainly gastro intestinal symptom (abdominal pair, bletching, nasusia, vomiting, regurgitation)
4-Some degree of social impairment.
5-Presistent refuse for to accept advice.
6-Recurrent change between physicians.
Differential Diagnosis Of Somatization :-
-It include :-
●Multiple scleroses.
●Hypothyroidism.
●Acute intermittent porphyria.
●Hyper Para thyroidism.
●Carciama and pancreas.
●Schizophrenia.
●Major depressive disorder.
●Hypochondriasis.
●Conversional disorder.
●Delusional disorder.
Treatment Of Somatization
The treatment is often difficult : it may consist :-
1-Supportive psychotherapy :- is the treatment and choice establishing good rapport zoith the patient.
2-Behavioral therapy :-
●modify behavior of patient.
●reinforcement of healthy behaviors.
3-Relaxation therapy-graded physical exercise.
4-Drug therapy :- anti-depressant anxiolytic .