Done by :Haidar Aoofey
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Branch of psychology that deals with study of how people think & feel
about social world & they interact & affect each other.
E;g social psychology deal with :
1. Social beliefs
2. Attitudes
3. Stereotype changes
4. Prejudice changes
5. What determined whom like. Hate
6. Choosing of romantic parenter
7. How different person express different way in some situation (car
accident)
8. Situation is more powerful determinant of behavior than our intuition
Intuitive theories
1) Understanding of human behavior
2)
Collecting data about task in hand
:
3) Detection of covariance or correlation
4) Mention of cause& effect
5) So there is biases
in data collection of our social judgment, so it is
not consistency of high validity or reliability
Done by :Haidar Aoofey
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The first difficulty we face as informal
scientist is collecting data in
systemic & unbiased way
:
:
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..
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Media provide nonrandom & representation sample, media give more
attention to minorities regarding abortion
Media just report data but data still unreliable
Our judgment
We daily accumulate data.
They are simplification of previous perceived mental image
They are group of pre-existing expectation & preconcep
First impression
of subject is hotographic memory ,but
unusual affected by simplification called schema
Like knowledge about people object , image ,event
Done by :Haidar Aoofey
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Schematic process
It is process of searching for schema that consistent incoming data of
which characterized by :
Occur rapidly
Automatically
Occur with non-awareness
:
image that human being perceived himself
mental
: affect organization &process information for inform
E.g: people can remember a list word better than they decubiti them
One important factor that influence informed we notice & remember
ie:(face to face information )
Non vividness (non vid information like written information
However vivid information still has biased specially in media
Biased occur in both perception & memory during data-incoming
Consequence of schematic process when we are first attempting to forma
our impression for person …we actively search in memory for person
schema or schema that best match
So first impression is the best impression without interference of
consciousness
Done by :Haidar Aoofey
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The way in which schematic process affect our memory,
E;g two group informed that :
1
st
lady is Liberian
2
nd
is witness
Then radio type is recorded about behavior
The first group mention is
the lady was reading
Traveling
Warning glass
The 2
nd
group mention :
Drinking
Prevent alcohol
This is called primacy effect
Stability of perceived evaluation self either bad or good, this persistence
despite different situation called(perseverance effect )
Detecting covariance or correlation is fundamental task in every sciences it
is characterized by prospective opinion about each phenomena which lead
Done by :Haidar Aoofey
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to biased in conclusion like fixed opinion about effeminate gesture &
homosexuality
Misleading by nonexistence correlate of data leading to inaccurate
conclusion like relation of effeminate gesture &homosexuality
This phenomena is due to 2 factors :
1) Over estimation the frequency
the frequencies like effeminate
gesture& homosexual
2) Less estimate depend on presence of other factor in addition to reach the
final conclusion
The heart of most sciences is the disc very of cause & effect
As intuitive scientist :we fee truly under some instance of human
behavior ,we know why it occur
E.g: famous athlete taking breakfast of cereal
on t.v so why
does she do? For following:
1) She is really like cereal
2) Doing that against money in t.v,
:
so cause
&effect so time the attribution
error like :
Daily behavior deciding whether observed behavior reflecting something
unique to the person (his attitude)
.
This is called internal dispositional
Or some external factor (situational attribution )
Done by :Haidar Aoofey
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Attribution process
)
Individualistic orientation :
Most of western industrialization that has individualistic orientation which
characterized by :
Independency
self-assertiveness
which is explained
person in personality they commonly seen in USA
Collectivistic orientation
Which stress on interdependent
of person community?
Best example to test Collectivistic orientation in jaban ,Arab india
Test of two group of people from japan (collective) &USA(india)
To answer the following :
Who am I:
Japan's answers:
I am lazy
I am hard work
USA answers:
I am
Member
Night club