(بسمه تعالى وله الحمد (
Liver Anatomy:-Location:-in the upper abdominal cavity …just below the diaphragm ..the..the greater part is under cover of right costal margin ,right hemidiaphram separates it from pleura,lung.
The postero inferior surface is attached to esophagus ,stomach,right kidney,suprarenal glandduodenum ,the right colic flexure.
Q\what is post.relation to liver ?
Is situated post..on lumbar vertebrae..inv.vena cava.(the liver is divided in to righr large lobe & left small lobe by the presence of falciform ligament.
The right lobe of liver is further divided by the fissure of ligamentum teres ,fissure of ligamentum venosum,IVC & gall bladder.
Weight :-2 kg in the average adult.
Note :- experiments show that the caudate & quadrate lobe of liver are functional lobe of left lobe.
Note :- the left lobe of liver is situated on stomach & lesser omentum.
Note :- the quadrate lobe of liver is attached to pyloric area of liver .Note :- GB is on inf.surface of liver.
(porta hepatic :- is the hilum of liver .
Location :_ postero-inferior surface of liver.between caudate & quadrate lobe of liver.
Attachment :- upper free margin of lesser omentum attached to its margin .
Contents :- R&L hepatic artery
R&Lhepatic bile duct.
Portal vein
Symp & parasympathetic nerve
Hepatic lymph nodes
(drain in ceiliac lymph nodes)
(structure of liver:-
1)surrounded by fibrous capsule .
2)composed of hepatic lobules.
3)the central vein is a tributary of hepatic vein
4)in the space W the lobules is the portal canals which contain branches of hepatic artery,portal vein,portal triad
5)the sinusoids that drain in the central vein .
Imp :-
Peritoneal foldings of liver :-1)areas not covered with peritoneum :-
a)porta hepatis.
b)fossa for IVC
c)fossa for GB.
d)bare area of liver.
(peritoneal foldings of liver :-
1)falciform ligament :- is double layers of peritoneal folds that ascend from umbilicus to liver .It has sickle shaped end contain the ligamentum teres.
It represents the remain of left umbilical vein .
location :- attaches to ant.surface & sup.surface .here it splits to :-
a)right layer:- coronary ligament .
b)left layer :- triangular ligament(attaches liver to diaphragm).
Note :- the right extremity of liver is known as (right triangular ligament )
Note :- apex of triangle of sickle shaped (attaches to umbilicus).while the base extends to upper border of liver & ant .border.
2)ligamentum teres:-
Attachment :- to inf .surface of liver.
Location:- in inf surface of liver
3)ligamentum venosum:_is fibrous band that is the remnant of ductus venosus.
Attachment :-to left branch of portal vein
Location :- ascends on fissure in inf.surface of liver.
Significance of ductus venosus :- greater part of blood by pass the liver pass to ductus venosus to join the IVC.
4)lesser omentum:- arises from margin of porta hepatis& fissure of ligamentum venosum to be attached to lesser curvature of stomach.
Relations :-
1)Ant:-diaphragm,right & left costal margin ,right & left pleura ,lower border of lungs ,Xiphoid process,ant.abdominal wall in subcostal angle .
2)post:-esophagus,fundus of stomach,duodenum,right kidney,suprarenal gland,GB,hepatic flexure of colon ,IVC.