Ch1 Introduction to Management and Organizations

Management: Arab World Edition Robbins, Coulter, Sidani, Jamali

Chapter 1: Introduction to Management and Organizations Lecturer: [Insert your name here]

Learning OutcomesFollow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter.

1.1 Who Are Managers? Explain how managers differ from non-managerial employees. Describe how to classify managers in organizations. 1.2 What Is Management? Define management. Explain why efficiency and effectiveness are important to management.

Learning Outcomes

1.3 What Do Managers Do?Describe the four functions of management.Explain Mintzberg’s managerial roles.Describe Katz’s three essential managerial skills and how the importance of these skills changes depending on managerial level.Discuss the changes that are impacting manager’s jobs.Explain why customer service and innovation are important to the manager’s job.

Learning Outcomes

1.4 What Is An Organization? Explain the characteristics of an organization.Describe how today’s organizations are structured.1.5 Why Study Management? Discuss why it’s important to understand management.Explain the universality of management concept.Describe the rewards and challenges of being a manager.

Learning Outcomes

1.6 Is There An Arab Model Of Management? Discuss an approach towards an Arab Model of Management. Explain what may have influenced Arab Managerial thought and practice.

Who Are Managers?

Explain how managers differ from non-managerial employees. Describe how to classify managers in organizations.

Who Are Managers?

Manager Someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished. They can be young or old. They may be male or female.


Exhibit 1–1 Women In Managerial Positions Around The World

Exhibit 1–2 Managerial Levels

Classifying Managers
First-line Managers Individuals who manage the work of non-managerial employees. Middle Managers Individuals who manage the work of first-line managers. Top Managers Individuals who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization.

What Is Management?

Define management. Explain why efficiency and effectiveness are important to management.

What Is Management?

Management involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively.

What Is Management? (cont’d) Managerial ConcernsEfficiency“Doing things right”Getting the most output for the least inputsEffectiveness“Doing the right things”Attaining organizational goals

Exhibit 1–3 Managerial Effectiveness and Efficiency in Management

What Do Managers Do?
Describe the four functions of management.Explain Mintzberg’s managerial roles.Describe Katz’s three essential managerial skills and how the importance of these skills changes depending on managerial level.Discuss the changes that are impacting manager’s jobs.Explain why customer service and innovation are important to the manager’s job.

What Do Managers Do?

Three Approaches to Defining What Managers Do Functions they perform Roles they play Skills they need


What Do Managers Do? (cont’d) Functions Manager’s PerformPlanningDefining goals, establishing strategies to achieve goals, developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities.OrganizingArranging and structuring work to accomplish organizational goals.LeadingWorking with and through people to accomplish goals.ControllingMonitoring, comparing, and correcting work.

Exhibit 1–4 Management Functions

What Do Managers Do? (cont’d) Roles Managers Play Roles are specific actions or behaviors expected of a manager. Mintzberg identified 10 roles grouped around interpersonal relationships, the transfer of information, and decision making.

Interpersonal roles

Informational roles
Monitor Disseminator Spokesperson
Entrepreneur Disturbance handler Resource allocator Negotiator
Decisional roles
Figurehead Leader Liaison

What Managers Do (Mintzberg)

Actionsthoughtful thinkingExample: listens patiently to customers’ problems.practical doingA manager resolves those problems.

What Do Managers Do? (cont’d) Skills Managers Need Technical skills Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field. Human skills The ability to work well with other people. Conceptual skills The ability to think and conceptualize about abstract and complex situations concerning the organization.

Exhibit 1–5 Skills Needed at Different Management Levels

Exhibit 1–6 Changes Affecting A Manager’s Job


How The Manager’s Job Is Changing The Increasing Importance of Customers Customers: the reason that organizations exist Managing customer relationships is the responsibility of all managers and employees. Consistent high quality customer service is essential for survival. Many jobs require close contact with customers.

Exhibit 1–7 Role of the Service Sector in Arab Economies

How The Manager’s Job Is Changing (cont’d) Innovation Doing things differently, exploring new territory, and taking risks Managers should encourage employees to be aware of and act on opportunities for innovation. How do Arab countries score on innovation indicators?

Exhibit 1–8 Innovation in Selected Arab Countries

What Is An Organization?
Explain the characteristics of an organization.Describe how today’s organizations are structured.

What Is An Organization?

An Organization Defined A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose (that individuals independently could not accomplish alone). Common Characteristics of Organizations Have a distinct purpose (goal) Composed of people Have a deliberate structure

Exhibit 1–9 Characteristics of Organizations

Why Study Management?
Discuss why it’s important to understand management.Explain the universality of management concept.Describe the rewards and challenges of being a manager.

Why Study Management?

The Value of Studying Management The universality of management Good management is needed in all organizations. The reality of work Employees either manage or are managed. Rewards and challenges of being a manager Management offers challenging, exciting and creative opportunities for meaningful and fulfilling work. Successful managers receive significant monetary rewards for their efforts.


Exhibit 1–10 Universal Need for Management

Exhibit 1–11 Rewards and Challenges of Being A Manager

Is There An Arab Model of Management?
Discuss an approach towards an Arab Model of Management. 2. Explain what may have influenced Arab Managerial thought and practice.

Arab model of management The Arab manager, like any other manager, plans, organizes, leads, and controls. Arab managers, like all other managers, tend to reflect their cultures and the contexts within which they live.
An Arab Model of Management?


An Arab Model of Management? (cont’d) Arab model of managementDifferent behavior and management styles from one country to another in Arab Countries.An “Arab method” of management has not emerged, due to:Political and economic upheavals.Social tension in Arab societies between the old and the new, and between the traditional and the modern.

Exhibit 1–12 Historical Influences on Arab Management Thought

1. Give examples in each of the five areas depicted in the activity sheet. 2. Can you think of any other influences on Arab management thinking and practice?
Activity 1.1

Terms to Know

manager first-line managers middle managers top managers management efficiency effectiveness planning organizing leading
controlling management roles interpersonal roles informational roles decisional roles technical skills human skills conceptual skills organization universality of management



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