Emotions

The child described as expresses oy or happiness in subdued a very subdued or restrained manner in:
Disinhibited social engagement disorder
Reactive attachment disorder
Adjustment disorder
Depression
All of the above

Define attachment

Family with high expressed emotion in schizophrenia

Emotions

Emotions الإنفعالات are typically brief, lasting only seconds or minutes, but moods الأمزجة، جمع مزاج last longer (hours or even days).

Basic emotions are related to instincts غرائز. Instincts are built-in in the animal structure. Hence any animal has some basic emotions like fear and anger. These basic emotions are not learned. Although can be subjected to conditioning.

Freud thought that there are two instincts (death and life)

Eros and thanatos
hate and love.




















Seven emotions are currently distinguished: anger, sadness, excitement, fear, disgust, surprise, interest

Limbic system basic emotions

Pride, guilt, envy,….. Cortex

Damage to frontal lobes

disinhibition

Neurotransmitters

William James had published his studies about emotions in a journal specialized in philosophy in the 19th century because at his time psychology was not developed like now.

James – Lange theory

Biofeedback

Botox for depression
Beta-blockers


Cannon- Bard theory

Cognitive theory

Singer, and Schachter
Injection of adrenaline
This cognitive activity may be conscious or unconscious.

Emotion, according to the recent cognitive theory, occurs in the following order:

1.) Cognitive appraisal تثمين، تقييم، تخمين—
2.) Physiological changes—The cognitive reaction starts biological changes such as increased heart rate or pituitary adrenal response.
3.) Action—The individual feels the emotion and chooses how to react.

For example: Hiba sees a snake.

1.) Hiba cognitively assesses the snake in her presence, which triggers fear. 2.) Her heart begins to race faster. Adrenaline pumps through her blood stream. 3.) Hiba screams and runs away.

Two hemispheres

Prefrontal cortex

Space occupying lesion

Partial epilepsy

Temporal lobes

TLE personality
Lt. TLE (humorless) Vs. Rt. Excessive
Bilateral injury to temporal lobes
Amygdala and fear
The amygdala as a gate

Emotional Intelligence

Gardner theory of multiple intelligence
Mirror neurons


Mcq

The mechanism of biofeedback, botox injection for depression are explained in the

Freud theory
Limbic system-neurotransmitter theory
James lange theory
Canon bard theory
Singer schachter theory

Which of the following is not a basic emotion

anger,
sadness,
Guilt
fear,
surprise

Lt. vs. Rt. Hemisphere

Tumors, infarctions
Sodium amobarbital
Epilepsy (focal)


Depression vs. Mania
TCA
SSRI
Antipsychotics
antiepileptics