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THE UPPER LIMB

THE PECTORAL REGION
AND THE AXILLA

Mammary Glands (Breasts)

Axillary tail.

Lobes.

Ampulla.

Areola.

Areolar glands.

Suspensory ligaments.

Retromammary space.

Blood Supply of the Breast

• Perforating branches of internal thoracic a.
• Intercostal arteries.
• Lateral thoracic branch of axillary a.
• Thoracoacromial branch of axillary a.

Lymphatic drainage of the breast

• Lateral quadrants to ant.axillary (pectoral) nodes.
• Medial quadrants to parasternal nodes.
• Posterior part to pos. intercostal nodes.
• Some vessels communicate with those of opposite breast and with those of ant. Abdominal wall.

The Axilla

Apex

Base.

Anterior wall.

Posterior wall.

Medial wall.

Lateral wall.

Clavipectoral fascia

Suspensory ligament of the axilla.

The clavipectoral fascia is pierced by:

• Cephalic v.
• Thoracoacromial a.
• Lymph vessels from infraclavicular nodes.
• Lateral pectoral n.

Contents of the axilla

Axillary artery

Axillary sheath.

First part of axillary a.

Relations of first part of axillary a.

Second part of axillary a.

Relations of second part of axillary a.

Third part of axillary a.

Relations of third part of axillary a.

Branches of axillary a.
First part:
(1) Sup. thoracic a.

Second part:

• Thoracoacromial a.
• Lat. Thoracic a.

Third part:

• Subscapular a.
• Ant. Circumflex humeral a.
• Pos. circumflex humeral a.

Branches of axillary a.

Superior thoracic a.

Thoracoacromial a.

Lateral thoracic a.

Subscapular a.

Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

Axillary v.

Shoulder girdle

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor

Subclavius

Deltoid

Teres major

Teres minor

Latissimus dorsi