Others

Cigarette smoking

د. حسين محمد جمعه
اختصاصي الامراض الباطنة
البورد العربي
كلية طب الموصل
2011

Cigarette smoking:

two to four times more likely to develop coronary heart disease than non-smokers and they have double the risk for stroke. The mechanisms are complex and likely multifactorial and result in
endothelial dysfunction and a relatively hypercoagulable state.

It is known that after smokers give up smoking, their risk of mortality and future cardiac events declines, although whether cardiovascular risk for former smokers ever reaches that of never smokers,Using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), researchers found that the smoking-associated inflammatory response subsides within 5 years after smoking cessation, suggesting that the cardiovascular risk subsides gradually with reduced exposure.

Smoking is associated with a decrease in risk of subclinical or clinical hypothyroidism among women current and former smokers, as compared to never smokers.

CIGARETTE SMOKING

Cigarettes are the most significant, preventable cause of premature death and disability in the United States today. Smoking accounts for 30 percent of all deaths due to
heart attacks. The danger of death from heart disease and other illnesses is directly related to the number of cigarettes smoked per day. This may be more significant than the number of years one has smoked.Carbon monoxide and nicotine deprive the body of necessary oxygen and
narrow the blood vessels,
forcing the heart to work harder to supply the cells with oxygen.
Smoking also promotes plaque deposits in the arteries, increases the risk of clot formation,
elevates blood pressure and heart rate and
decreases HDL (good cholesterol) levels..