Heart

Hypertensive heart disease with marked concentric thickening of the left ventricular wall causing reduction in lumen size. The left ventricle is on the right in this apical four-chamber view of the heart. A pacemaker is incidentally present in the right ventricle (arrow). Note also the left atrial dilation (asterisk) due to relative stiffening of the left ventricle causing impaired diastolic relaxation and subsequent atrial volume overload.
Hypertensive LVH with Lt atrial dilation


Chronic cor pulmonale: characterized by a markedly dilated and hypertrophied right ventricle, with thickened free wall and hypertrophied trabeculae (apical four-chamber view of heart, right ventricle on left). The shape of the left ventricle (to the right) has been distorted by the right ventricular enlargement.
Rt ventricular hypertrophy with dilation