First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 1 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Scientific Lab Equipment
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Beaker
• Used for
- Pouring, storing, mixing, heating, dispensing
• NOT used to measure
• Has a “beak” to aid pouring
Erlenmeyer Flask
Erlenmeyer flasks hold solids or liquids that may
release gases during a reaction or that are likely to
splatter if stirred or heated.
Florence Flask
• Used to hold liquids
• NOT used to measure accurately
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 2 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Volumetric Flask
• A volumetric flask (measuring flask or
graduated flask) is a piece of
, a type of
calibrated to contain a precise volume at a
particular temperature. Volumetric flasks are
used for precise dilutions and preparation of
. These flasks are usually
pear-shaped, with a flat bottom, and made of
glass or plastic.
• Volumetric flask- is a piece of laboratory glassware, a
type of laboratory flask, used in analytical chemistry for
the preparation of solutions. Are used for making up
solutions to a known volume.
Graduated Cylinder
• Used to measure liquids
• Not for reactions
• Read from the curve of the meniscus
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 3 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Test Tubes
• To hold liquids and chemicals during
experiments (investigations)
• Used for storing, mixing, heating
• NOT for measuring
• Should be held with tongs, clamps
or a ring-stand clamp NEVER
with your hands
Burette
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 4 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Burette-is a vertical cylindrical piece of laboratory
glassware with a volumetric graduation on its full length and
a precision tap. It is used to dispense known amounts of
a liquid reagent in experiments.
Meniscus
Curved shape of a liquid stored in a cylinder
Caused by:
adhesion between the liquid and its container
cohesion between particles of the liquid
Test Tube Holder
A test tube holder is useful for holding a test
tube which is too hot to handle.
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 5 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Test Tube Brushes
Test tube brushes are used to clean test tubes and
graduated cylinders.
Test Tube Racks
Test tube racks are for holding and
organizing test tubes on the laboratory
counter. Plastic racks may melt in contact
with very hot test tubes.
• To hold test tubes during an investigation. (After
cleaning, test tubes can be placed upside down to
dry.)
Rubber Stoppers
Rubber stoppers are used to close containers
to avoid spillage or contamination.
Containers should never be heated when
there is a stopper in place.
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 6 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Spot Plates
Spot plates are used when we want to perform
many small scale reactions at one time. We will
use these many times during the year.
Watch Glass
A watch glass is used to hold a small amount of
solid, such as the product of a reaction.
Glass Stir Rod
A glass rod is used to manually stir solutions. It
can also be used to transfer a single drop of a
solution.
Stirring rod
To mix chemicals and hot liquids together (like a
spoon)
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 7 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Medicine Dropper
A medicine dropper is used to transfer a small
volume of liquid (less than one mL).
On top of each medicine dropper is a “rubber bulb”
Medicine dropper
(eyedropper)
To drop small amount of liquids
Litmus Paper
Red litmus paper is used to identify bases.
Blue litmus paper is used to identify acids.
Funnel
A funnel is used to aid in the transfer of liquid
from one vessel to another.
Mohr Pipet
A Mohr pipet measures and delivers exact
volumes of liquids.
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 8 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Wash Bottle
A wash bottle has a spout that delivers a wash
solution to a specific area. Distilled water is the
only liquid that should be used in a wash bottle.
Weighing Boat
Weighing boats are used to weigh solids that will
be transferred to another vessel.
Spatulas
Spatulas are used to dispense solid chemicals from
their containers.
Chemicals should never be transferred with your
bare hands.
Beaker Tongs
Beaker tongs are used to move beakers containing
hot liquids
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 9 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Bunsen Burner/Hot Plate
Source of heat:
1-Bunsen Burner
-Bunsen burners are used for the heating of nonvolatile
liquids and solids.
To heat substances (with a flame).
2- Hot plate
To heat substances using electricity, not a flame.
Ring stand with clamp and ring
To hold containers away from a heat source (such as fire) during
an experiment
Ringstands and their Components
Ringstands are a safe and convenient way to
perform reactions that require heating using a
Bunsen burner.
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 10 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Iron Stand
Ringstands and their Components
Iron Ring
Iron rings connect to a ringstand and provide a
stable, elevated platform for the reaction.
Ringstands and their Components
Utility Clamps
Utility clamps are used to secure test tubes,
distillation columns, and burets to the ringstand.
First Class/Practical Medical Chemistry
Page 11 of 11
By : Dr. Tamathir Abass
Ringstands and their Components
Double Buret Clamps
Double Buret clamps are used to burets
– long graduated tubes used in titration.