
The Urinary System
By
Dr. Mareb Hamed
Mosuel University
IRAQ
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Organs
of the
Urinary
System
kidneys
ureters
urinary
bladder
urethra
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renal
capsule
renal
cortex
renal
medulla
renal
pelvis
renal
pyramids
ureter
Kidney
Anatomy
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Nephrons are the functional
unit of the kidney
• Uriniferous Tubule
– Nephron
– Collecting tubule &
duct
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Cortical vs. juxtamedullary nephrons
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Renal corpuscle
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Renal Corpuscle
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G
lomerulus
P
roximal convoluted tubules
D
istal convoluted tubules
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Proximal convoluted tubules
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Podocyte
E/M
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Podocyte
L/M
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Podocytes team up to make
filtration slits
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Renal Corpuscle and the Filtration
Membrane

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Thin limbs of the loop of Henle
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collecting tubule
juxtaglomeruler cells
macula densa
JUXTA GLOMERULAR APPARATUS
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angiotensin I
angiotensin II
converting
enzyme
aldosterone
Adrenal
cortex
Water retention
sodium retention
↑
blood pressure
DCT
renin
angiotensinogen
Lung
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Juxtaglomerular apparatus
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JGC
Lacis
Macula densa
Extraglomerular mesangial cells (Polar cushion or Lacis cells)
Function
May be phagocytic
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Excretory passages
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URETER
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Empty bladder
Full bladder
Empty (Folded).
Full (Folds disappear
).
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Circular smooth
muscle
Longitudinal
smooth muscle
Urinary Bladder
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