Lab 19
Written prescription:
is the prescriber's order to prepare or
dispense a specific treatment- usually
medication- for a specific patient.
Drug:
Any substance or product that is used or intended to
be used to modify or explore physiological
systems or pathological states for the benefit of
the recipient.
They are used in 3 principle ways
1-
curative as primary therapy. e.g. bacterial infection
2-
suppressive of disease e.g. hypertension
3
- preventive e.g. malaria
Names of drugs:
1-
full chemical name
2-
non proprietary name ( official or approved name)
used in pharmacopoeias ( generic name e.g.
barbiturates) .Advantages: clarity, economy&
convenience
3-
proprietary name or names that are commercial
property of a pharmaceutical companies ( trade
name) Advantages: quality esp. bioavailability
Elements of prescription
The elementary requirements of a prescription are that it should
state what is to be given to whom and by whom. How much,
how often ,by What route and sometimes for how long.
1-
name of prescriber, address & office telephone number.
2-
date on which the prescription written.
3-
patient ś name, age, and address.
4- superscription-
R ( Recipe) take thou.
5- inscription-
the name and dose of the drug or drugs.
The traditional prescription comprises:
A-
basis. The principle drug gives the prescription its chief action.
B-
adjuvant. A drug that aids or increases the action of the principle
ingredient.
C-
corrective. Modifies or corrects undesirable effects of the basis or
adjuvant.
D-
vehicle. Agent used as the solvent in the solution, to increase
the bulk, or to dilute the mixture.
6- subscription:
directions to the pharmacist. Mix,
make a solution, dispense. e.g. dispense 10 tab or
200 ml, make a solution, mix and make 10 caps.
7- transcription:
instructions for the patient to be
written on the container by the pharmacist. Label,
mark. e.g. 1 tablespoonful 3 times daily, 1 cap
twice daily.
8- signature.
9-
refill, child proof container, warning.
Conversions between metric system & apothecary
system.
1 grain (gr)= 0.065
g ≈ 60 mg
15 gr
≈ 1g
1 ounce (oz)= 30 ml
1 teaspoonful= 5ml
1 tablespoonful= 15 ml
1 minim= 1 drop
20 drops= 1ml
2.2 pounds (1b)= 1Kg.
20%= 20 g/ dl
Abbreviations:
ac before meals supp suppository
Aq water susp suspension
bid twice a day tab tablet
Cap capsule tid three times a day
g gram Tr tincture
gr grain prn when needed
h hour qs sufficient quantity
IA intraarterial stat at once
IM intramuscular µg microgram
IV intravenous
OTC over the counter
Pc after meal
Po by mouth
PR per rectum
qid four times a day
Sc subcutaneous
Acute bronchitis
اسن الطبيب
العنىاى
رقن الهاتف
اسن الوريض التاريخ
العور
الجنس
R
1- tetracycline 250 mg
dispense 20 cap
label : take one capsule four times daily.
2- paracetamol 500 mg
dispense 15 tab
label take one tablet three times daily
signatures
Fungal infection
R
benzoic acid 3.6g
salicylic acid 1.8 g
petrolatum to make 60 g
make
an ointment
label
apply a thin film to the affected
part night & morning.
Painful myositis
Rx
Aspirin 0.3 g
Amobarbital 0.05g
make
20 such doses & place in 20 cap
label
كبسىلو واحده
3
هرات يىهيا
Renal colic
Rx
pot. citrate 2g
sod. bicarb 2g
conc. Infusion of buchu 2ml
syrup of orange 4ml
chloroform water up to 30 ml
Mix and prepare
480 ml
هلعقة طعام
3
هرات يىهيا
label