Helminths

Larva Migrans

 1-Cutaneous Larva Migrans (CLM) 2-Visceral Larva Migrans (VLM) (Toxocaraiasis) Toxocariasis is caused by larvae of Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) and less frequently of T. cati (cat roundworm), two nematode parasites of animals.

Toxocara canis

Toxocara canis

Toxocara cati egg

Toxocara cati

Toxocara cati

Clinical Features

OLM

Pulmonary granuloma

Laboratory Diagnosis

These eggs are passed in dog feces, especially puppies' feces.

Eggs of Toxocara canis.

Antibody Detection

Treatment

Trichinella spp.

1- T. pseudospiralis (mammals and birds) worldwide), 2- T. nativa (Arctic bears) 3- T. nelsoni (African predators and scavengers) 4- T. britovi )carnivores of Europe and western Asia).

Trichinella-adult

Trichinella nativa

Life cycle

Geographic Distribution



Clinical Features

Splinter hemorrhages 2 Swollen eyes

B
A

Trichinella spiralis encysted larva

D
C

Laboratory Diagnosis

The suspicion of trichinellosis (trichinosis), based on clinical symptoms and eosinophilia, can be confirmed by specific diagnostic tests, including antibody detection, muscle biopsy, and microscopy.

Antibody Detection