life cycle

Dr.Safeyya Adeeb Alchalabi

LIFE CYCLE  GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Cognition and Intelligence

Pioneered by Jean Piaget Provides a framework for understanding the cognitive capabilities of children enabling effective communication and treatment Assumes that cognitive development is influenced by maturation, experience, and social learning Proposes 4 major stages

Cognition and Intelligence

Cognitive DevelopmentSensorimotor Stage: Object Permanence

Cognitive DevelopmentPreoperational Stage

“Cut it up into A LOT of slices, Mom. I’m really hungry!!”

Conservation of liquid

Conservation of mass
Conservation of number
Conservation of length
Conservation of length
Which has more liquid?
Do they both weigh the same, or does one weigh more than the other?
Are there still as many pennies as nickels, or more of one than the other?
Are they the same length, or is one longer?
Is one pencil as long as the other, or is one longer?
Has more
Weighs more
More
Is longer
Original Setup
Alter as Shown
Ask Child
Usual Answer

Language Development

Child directed speech: the way adults and older children talk to infants and very young children, with higher pitched, repetitious, sing-song speech pattern. Receptive-productive lag: Infants seem understand far more than they can produce.

Stages of language development

Characteristic of language
Age
Stage
Babies begin to make vowels-like sound
2 months
Cooing
1
Make a babbling sound
6 month
Babbling
2
Say actual wards (holophrases)
Around age 1 year
One-ward speech
3
String wards together to form short, simple sentences
1.5 year
Telegraphic speech
4
Use grammatical terms
preschool
Whole sentences
5

Autism spectrum disorder

It is a neurodevelopmental disorder. It cause problems in Thinking Feeling Language Social skills Causes are still being investigated but do not appear to be linked childhood immunization.

Psychosocial development

Temperament The behavior and emotional characteristics that are fairly established at birth.

Thomas and Chess have identified three basic temperament styles of infant:

Attachment
The emotional bond that forms between an infant and primary care giver. Attachment is an important first step in forming relationships with others. Usually forming with in the 1st 6 ms. During the 2nd 6 ms can be showing up in a no. of ways: Stranger anxiety (wariness of stranger) Separation anxiety (fear of being separated from the caregiver)

Attachment

Harlow and contact comfortPsychologist at first assumed that attachment to the mother occurred because the mother was associated with satisfaction of primary drives (hunger & thirst).food __________ 1ry reinforcer (primary drive). mother __________ 2ry reinforcer (pleasurable feeling).Psychologist Harry Harlow felt that attachment had to be influenced by more than just the provision of food.Harlow and his colleagues conclude that contact comfort was an important basic affectional or love variable.Harlow ‘s work represent one of the earliest investigations into the importance of touch in the attachment process and remains an important study in human development. Attachment

Harlow and contact comfort

Harlow and contact comfort

Harlow and contact comfort

Harlow and contact comfort

Attachment

The development of self concept Self-concept: is the image you have of yourself, and it is based on your interactions with important people in your life
Rouge test

Erikson’s theory

adolescence

Physical development in adolescence

Cognitive development in adolescence

Piaget’s formal operations revised Abstract thinking become possibleThinking about hypothetical situation (teenagers).Egocentric thought (preoccupied with their own thoughts).They do a lot of introspection (turning inward).Convinced that their thoughts are as important to others as they are to themselves.Personal fable (they are special, they feel unique).Imaginary audience (every one is looking at them, they are the center of everyone else world, just as they are the center of their own).

Preconventional morality Very young Children

Conventional morality Older children Adolescents Most adults
Post conventional morality 1/5 of adult

Physical development (use it or lose it)

Physical development (use it or lose it)

Cognitive development

Psychosocial development



Parenting style

Authoritarian parenting

Permissive parenting

Authoritative parenting

Thank you