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Summary of
Demographic Measures
1.
The Birth Rate: “The number of live babies born per thousand of the
population per year”
=
×
2.
The Death Rate: “The number of deaths per thousand of the
population per year”
=
×
3.
The Rate of Natural Increase: “The difference between the birth rate
and the death rate. It is measured in percentage terms (per hundred
rather than per thousand).
! "# $ %&' ()*&!+! =
,-& . ! – 0! . !
4.
Net Migration
1
=
−
5.
Natural Increase (in number):
34 5 = 5 − 5
6.
Total Increase in Population
4 5
= 4 5 + 1
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7.
Total Population End of year
= 5
+ 4 5
8.
Age structure : It refers to the number or percentage of people in
each age category of the population
9.
Sex structure: It refers to the number or percentage of male relative
to the number to female in the population
10.
Working age population: it is from leaving school age to the
retirement age (18-60).
11.
Working Population (Labour Force): It includes all the following
groups: employed people, self-employed people, and unemployed
people. Housewives, children, full-time students, handicapped,
retired people are excluded from the working population.
12.
Dependent population: All groups of people who are not included in
the labour force are called dependent population.
13.
Dependency Ratio: It is the ratio between dependant population and
total population.
14.
Expectancy Life: It is the expected number of years that an
individual is supposed to live. We calculate it for female and male.
15.
Ageing Population: It is a population where the average age is high,
with a natural increase relatively low.
16.
Fertility rate : it is the number of children born to a woman during
her lifetime
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17.
Total fertility rate (TFR): it is the average number of children born
to women in a population
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Exercises
Exercise (1)
1.
See text book – Chapter1 - page 18
Exercise (2):
Suppose that a country has a population of 60 million at the beginning of
year 2015, during that year it experiences 1,500,000 births and 1,000,000
deaths; number of immigrants and emigrants people was 150,000 and
350,000 respectively.
Calculate:
2.
Total increase in population
3.
The birth and death rate
4.
Natural increase rate