OBESITY
.is a disease of caloric imbalance resulting from excess intake of calories above their consumption by the body that lead to accumulation of adipose tissue of sufficient magnitude to impair health.assessment of obesity -body mass index (BMI) .obese if BMI is above 30kg/sq. m .overweight if BMI is in the range of 25-30kg/sq. m -body weight -triceps skin-fold thickness -mid-arm circumference -ratio between waist hip circumferences
.types of obesity -central (visceral), fat accumulation in trunk and abdominal cavity -peripheral, diffuse fat accumulation in subcutaneous tissue .associated diseases with obesity -type 2 diabetes -dyslipidemias -cardiovascular disease -hypertension -cancer
General Consequences Of Obesity .obesity is the main driver for metabolic syndrome (visceral adiposity, insulin resistant hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol), .syndrome-associated diseases include -type 2 diabetes -coronary artery disease -fatty liver disease -cholelithiasis -Pickwickian syndrome -osteoarthritis
Obesity And cancer .about 4% of cancers in men and 7% in women are associated with obesity, the risk of cancer is related to -hyperinsulinemia -insulin resistance .obesity and hyperinsulinemia have effect on steroids that regulate cell growth and differentiation in different tissues
.in men BMI of more than 25 kg/sq. m is strongly correlated with -adenocarcinoma of esophagus -thyroid cancer -colonic cancer -renal cancer .in women BMI of more than 25 kg/sq. m is strongly correlated with -adenocarcinoma of esophagus -endometrial cancer -gall bladder cancer -renal cancer