Schizophrenia
Prof :Dr Elham aljmmas 13/11/2013Definition schizophrenia is a disorder of unknown causes , it is characterized by psychotic symptoms that significantly impair functioning and that involve disturbances in feeling thinking and behavior . The disorder is chronic and generally has (1) a prodromal phase, (2) an acute phase with delusions , hallucination , or both , and (3) a residual phase in which the disorder may be in remission
Schiz . = Split Phrenia = mind Historical backgrounds: Description & an illness to schiz data back to 1400 BC Un ambiguous description of text case ,the end 18thcent. Emil Kraepelin prof. & psysh Munich univ (book) 1896 Morel coin the term Dementia precox 1856 Kahlbaum Catatonia 1868 Hecker Hebephrenia 1871 Kraepelin manic depressive insanity Dementia precox Catatonia 1911 Eugen bleuler Schizophrenia ( Add the simple schiz)
Of great influence however were the kurt Schneider first rank symptom & Schiz he focused the attention on the acute stage of the illness. Kurt Schneiders symptorm & the first rank
1.Audilory Hallucination A-voice repeating the subjects thoughts out loud B- 2 or more hall. Voice (echo dela pensee )discussing the subject or arguing about him C- voice commenting on the subject thoughts or behaviour
2. Sensation of alien thoughts being put into the subject's mind by some external a gency (thought insertion & withdrawal). 3. the sensations that the subjects thinkining is no longer confined withen his own mind (thoughts broadcasting) 4.the sensation that feeling,impulses,or acts being experienced or carried out under external control.( ideas of influence). 5. The experience of being a passive & reluctant recipientof body sensations imposed by some external agency. 6. Delusional perception.
Clinical Presentation & symptomatology: 1.Prodromal phase. 2.Acute phase 3. chronic
Prodromal Phase : Premorbid personality, in schizophrenia all kinds of personalities could preceed the onset, but Scizoid personality was noticed to be the commonest (25%)of sch. Cases. 7-11 years pre sch. Boy could be more anxious, hostilewith unsequential behaviour. 11 years presch. Girls could be more withdrawnThe illness could affect any age (7-70)years . but the onset usually in adolescence or early adult life. Acute phase: 1. behaviour. 2.affect. 3.speech. 4.thoughts. 5.hallucinations. 6. insight.